Black Leopards Flourishing in Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary – Calls for Enhanced Protection

In a heartening development for wildlife enthusiasts and environmentalists in Odisha, the state’s Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary has become a thriving habitat for rare black leopards (also known as black panthers). However, their increasing presence has also raised concerns about their safety due to rising poaching activities in the region. 
Black Leopards Thriving in Odisha’s Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary – Conservation Efforts Underway


Rare Black Leopards Spotted in Multiple Forest Ranges 

Recent reports confirm that multiple black leopards have been sighted across different forest ranges under the Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary. These elusive creatures, known for their striking melanistic coats, were first officially recorded in December 2021 during a tiger census in the Banigochha (West) forest range. Since then, sightings have expanded to other areas, including the Chhamundia and Kusanga forest ranges.  
According to forest officials, at least three distinct black leopards—varying in size and age—currently inhabit the sanctuary. Their exact locations are being kept confidential to prevent poaching threats. Enhanced patrolling and surveillance have been implemented to monitor their movements and ensure their safety.  

Growing Threats from Poaching and Illegal Hunting 

Despite conservation efforts, the sanctuary faces increasing challenges from illegal hunting. Poachers have been frequently entering deep forest areas, setting up camps, and targeting wildlife. Recent seizures by forest authorities include elephant tusks, leopard skins, tiger claws, monitor lizard hides, and pangolin scales—evidence of rampant wildlife crime.  
Black Leopards Thriving in Odisha’s Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary – Conservation Efforts Underway


A particularly alarming incident occurred a few months ago when a black leopard was poached in the Similipal Tiger Reserve, exposing gaps in security. This incident has heightened concerns about the safety of black leopards in the Mahanadi sanctuary, where inter-state poaching networks are reportedly active.  

Conservation Measures and Challenges 

Forest authorities emphasize that protecting these rare leopards is a top priority. Key measures include:  
  • Increased Patrolling: Anti-poaching squads have intensified night patrols and drone surveillance.  
  • Community Involvement: Local villagers are being sensitized to report suspicious activities.  
  • Habitat Protection: The leopards’ core zones are being kept undisclosed to minimize human interference.  
However, challenges persist. The sanctuary’s vast and rugged terrain makes monitoring difficult, while the demand for exotic wildlife products in illegal markets fuels poaching. Additionally, the presence of armed hunters with country-made firearms poses a direct threat to both wildlife and forest staff.  
Black Leopards Thriving in Odisha’s Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary – Conservation Efforts Underway


Ecological Significance of Black Leopards  

Black leopards are not a separate species but a color variant of the common leopard (Panthera pardus), caused by melanism. Their presence indicates a healthy ecosystem, as they play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of prey species. Odisha’s forests, rich in biodiversity, provide an ideal habitat for these majestic predators.  

The Way Forward 

To ensure the long-term survival of black leopards in Odisha, experts recommend:  
  • Strengthening Anti-Poaching Laws: Stricter penalties and faster prosecution for wildlife crimes.  
  • Technology-Driven Monitoring: Expanding camera traps and AI-based tracking systems.  
  • Public Awareness Campaigns: Educating locals and tourists on the importance of conservation.  
The Mahanadi Wildlife Sanctuary’s black leopards are a natural treasure, and their protection is vital for Odisha’s ecological heritage. While their growing numbers are a positive sign, sustained efforts are needed to shield them from human-induced threats.

Ratnakar Hota

Journalist

Ratnakar Hota is a journalist as well as an enthusiastic environmentalist and wildlife conservationist. For many years, he has written extensively about various tiger reserves and forest areas of Odisha. His writings primarily focus on tiger conservation, ecological balance, and collaborative efforts with local communities.